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No 1/2019, vol. 62 Landscape of the Human Krajobraz człowieka SUMMARIES page 52 DOWNLOAD ALL (2,95MB)  |
PROBLEMS Professional Titles of Landscape Architects in Poland Tytuły zawodowe architektów krajobrazu w Polsce Marcin Sobota Andrzej Drabiński DOI: 10.30825/5.ak.166.2019.62.1 {mooblock=SUMMARY} The authors of this article have analyzed the legal sources concerning the regulations connected with granting professional titles to university graduates, starting with the provisions related to the period directly after Poland’s retrieval of independence in 1918, through the period of Polish People’s Republic, ending with the provisions connected with the so-called “Constitution for Science” (especially the regulations included in the Law on Higher Education and Science Act of July 20, 20181). The authors indicate particular legal solutions (and their evolution) adopted by the legislator, aimed at – among others – accepting demands (made by the academic circles related to the field of studies regarding Landscape Architecture and by non-governmental organizations) connected with the possibility of granting the graduates the professional title of Engineer/ Master of Science in Landscape Architecture, and thus including such notation in the diploma {/mooblock} PREZENTATIONS The Quality of Space of the Place of Residence in the View of the Problems of the Modern City Jakość przestrzeni miejsca zamieszkania na tle problematyki współczesnego miasta Barbara Olczak DOI: 10.30825/5.ak.167.2019.62.1 {mooblock=SUMMARY} The phenomena occurring in contemporary cities, whose dynamics is fuelled by globalization, bring many negative consequences in relation to the quality of the human life space. The deterioration of the quality of urban space is particularly visible in the residential function and it reduces the quality of life of residents. The paper attempts to determine the components of urban space quality in relation to the housing environment and the quality of life of residents, which are of the greatest importance in shaping the attractive landscape of the place of residence. These issues are presented in the view of the problems of contemporary cities, phenomena that occur in them and their consequences in the quality of spatial development. {/mooblock} Social Attitudes Towards People with Disabilities and the Design of Accessible Space Postawy społeczne wobec osób niepełnosprawnych, a projektowanie przestrzeni dostepnej Kamil Rawski DOI:10.30825/5.ak.168.2019.62.1 {mooblock=SUMMARY} Throughout the ages, people with disabilities were perceived in various ways, which directly decided on their social roles [Ostrowska 1994, Zasępa et. al. 2005, Nowak 2015]. The article presents the way in which people with disabilities were perceived and how it was translated into an approach to space designing in historically and contemporary terms. Based on the collected information based on subject literature of the subject, the paper also discusses the changes that took place in social attitudes towards the disabled over the centuries. At the very beginning these people were marginalized, however, over time, this situation changed to finally take initiatives with the aim to integrate such people with the rest of society [Gazdulska 2008]. Such idea as universal design could not be noticed until the moment when people accepted the limitations and dysfunctions of the disabled. Improving the quality of shaping public spaces had been made possible thanks to many studies and analyses of behaviour of such people. {/mooblock} |
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No 2/2019, vol. 63 Landscape Essence Koloryt krajobrazu SUMMARIES page 66 DOWNLOAD ALL (6,72MB)  |
PROBLEMS Deformed Landscape. The Land of Pomerania – Paradise Lost or Common Heritage? (The Mental Image of Pomerania) Krajobraz zdeformowany. Kraina Pomorska: utracony raj czy wspólne dziedzictwo? (obraz mentalny ziemi pomorskiej) Adam M. Szymski DOI: 10.30825/5.ak.169.2019.63.2 {mooblock=SUMMARY} On the basis of own research (in the years 2003–2009 headed the Chair of Landscaping at the University of Agriculture in Szczecin, with the main research aim oriented towards learning about the cultural specificity of the Pomeranian past) and widely accessible Polish and German sources, only a portion of which is mentioned in the attached list of references, the author attempts to examine the phenomenon of memory regarding the reality that has its visible attributes still present in the surroundings, but lost its raison d’être in the intellectual form and no longer exists. By drawing associations between similarities in understanding cognitive content (vide the monograph by H. Szulc and reviews by German authors on rural settlement forms) and moving on to recalling subsequent administrative and clean-up activities on the erstwhile Pomeranian area along with a total (!) exchange of its inhabitants, the paper tries to highlight the issue – also political in nature – whether and to what extent a tradition developed by one nation should be cultivated by the new “colonizers”. The author draws the attention to the need of maintaining the phenomenon understood as cultural “borderlines” of regions seen as individual “little homelands” – characterized by a specific kind of local patriotism realized in the language, clothing and tradition. Guided by a particular resentment as the current inhabitant of the region, the author recalls an emotional attitude towards Pomerania among those from whom this non-existent land constitutes an indispensable (to their minds) “world in the memory”. {/mooblock} Safe Space – Problem Analysis in the Context of Various Public Spaces Przestrzeń tolerancji – analiza problemu w kontekście różnych przestrzeni publicznych Aleksandra Blecharz, Aleksandra Lis DOI: 10.30825/5.ak.170.2019.63.2 {mooblock=SUMMARY} Tolerance is an issue of an extremely complex nature that has given rise to various attitudes in the society as a result of the influence of different factors. The spatial aspect of tolerance is the main topic discussed in detail in our paper. The aim of the study is to determine the potential of various types of public spaces, both as spaces of tolerance and conflict. The research was conducted by means of topical analysis – a qualitative method that consists in providing detailed descriptions and interpretation of the observed behaviour patterns. The analysed material consisted of comments published on the Internet concerning articles and posts about the marginalised groups. The material was analysed in terms of the fundamental research question: what kinds of public spaces intensify the problem of intolerance, and which ones reinforce tolerance? The comments were divided into three thematic groups, based on the expressed attitude (intolerant, neutral and tolerant). The topical analysis of data revealed that the most common factor that intensified intolerance was the lack of a sense of safety connected with the presence of children and the feeling of lack of control. The authors of the comments mentioned schools and the surroundings of residential estates as places where tolerance could not exist. Railway stations and other places that involve intensive communication and the chaos resulting from heavy traffic, which affects the sense of safety, were also described as spaces with negative potential. The comments representing a tolerant attitude also pointed to schools as places with a high tolerance potential, as children are open to differences and obtaining knowledge. Places connected not only with the presence of children, but also their parents, such as family entertainment parks, were mentioned as areas with higher potential to become spaces of tolerance. The reason is the fact that the sense of control over the situation and the safety of children are higher than in schools, and the overall atmosphere of fun. The main conclusion of the study is the observation that a space of tolerance should ensure a sense of safety and control and offer educational functions. {/mooblock} PREZENTATIONS Landscape Conflict Around the Survival and Preservation of Fort III Graf Kirchbach Konflikt społeczny, architektoniczny i krajobrazowy wokół przetrwania oraz zachowania obiektu fortecznego Fortu III Graf Kirchbach Izabela Piklikiewicz-Kęsicka DOI: 10.30825/5.ak.171.2019.63.2 {mooblock=SUMMARY} Caring for the landscape around us is undeniably a challenge. The development of an urban structure determines inevitable changes in its space. The passing of time and functional changes of settlement areas challenge the current value of areas of high spatial value. The situation of large-area architectural objects that have lost their functional value in the contemporary settlement structure is special. One such facility is Fort III Graf Kirchbach located in Poznań. The subject of the research is to present the spatial and functional issues of the selected fort in the context of the city’s spatial policy, social context and the strategy for the preservation of the historic military architecture object. The aim of the research is to outline the planning situation and the resulting disputes and opinions of different organisational environments. The outlined theme deals with landscape issues related to the needs of survival of the historic substance of the object located directly in the area of the zoo function, which has a functional and spatial development program. The said programme covering fortress spaces and the strategy of actions related to the future of Fort III are controversial in terms of the target effect that should be achieved on this monument. The research methodology covering the described issues was based on environmental interviews with organizations that take active care of the fort, inventory studies of the facility, walkthrough studies, historical and interpretative research and literature studies. The results of the research present the historical and educational value of the fortress object, whose potential has been evaluated in terms of its use for the benefit of communities and future generations. The effects of the analyses also present the opportunities and threats generated by planning and architectural strategies, which may affect the city’s structure and the lives of its inhabitants in various ways. {/mooblock} |
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No 3/2019, vol. 64 Legal Aspects in Landscape Protection Aspekty prawne w ochronie krajobrazu SUMMARIES page 66 DOWNLOAD ALL (5,45MB)  |
PROBLEMS Problems of Restoration of Historic Landscapes in the Light of Natural protection Regulations Problemy rewaloryzacji historycznych krajobrazów w kontekście przepisów ochrony przyrody Małgorzata Milecka DOI: 10.30825/5.ak.172.2019.64.3 {mooblock=SUMMARY} The protection and conservation of historical landscape in Poland in view of the legal regulations introduced in recent years is subject to procedures to a greater extent than before in the field of legal nature protection. Until 2018, all decisions regarding works in the areas entered into monument registers were issued by provincial conservators of monuments only on the basis of the Act on the Protection of Monuments. Currently, restoration permits to carry out works in the areas of historical garden premises are additionally issued based on the provisions of the Act on nature protection. This results in more compiled procedures and the need to extend project documentation to include aspects not yet always subject to analyses by designers. The article presents selected issues not previously covered in the historical landscapes renewal, and in view of the existing legal regulations more and more often required in the process of agreeing project documentation and at the stage of obtaining appropriate permits for conservation works. The author, based on the analysis of legal documents and based on her own experience, presented the issues that should be analyzed during the study of the historical landscape resource and included in the renewal documentation to ensure the correct course of conservation work, from obtaining the required arrangements to satisfactory completion of works revaluation. An additional reflection was to present the problem of ensuring the existence of animal habitats in the urban environment, and more precisely the undesirable ones in the historical garden for rooks. However, these birds need to be provided with adequate living places in order to be able to „displace” them from the park in a humane way. This problem is quite common, and its solution, as it turns out, has a broader dimension and concerns many other animal species for which adequate living places and migration corridors should be provided in an increasingly urbanized landscape. {/mooblock} Planning Tools for Creating and Protecting Urban Landscape – Poznan Experience Towards Legal Changes after 2003 Planistyczne narzędzia kształtowania i ochrony krajobrazu miejskiego – poznańskie doświadczenia wobec zmian prawnych po 2003 r. Wojciech Skórzewski DOI: 10.30825/5.ak.173.2019.64.3 {mooblock=SUMMARY} An important factor in the creation and protection of urban landscape are spatial planning tools in form of local legal acts (local spatial development plans) and municipal spatial policy acts (the study of land use conditions and directions). The Polish spatial planning system determines the role of planning documents with respect to the protection of the natural and cultural landscape of cities and influences the practice of creating such documents. In this paper, we will analyse the following issues: - What provisions are included in the local spatial development studies and the studies of land use directions and conditions in order to protect and create landscape? - How did the provisions of existing plans influence the urban landscape? - How has urban landscape changed in areas not covered by local plans? The above issues of landscape creation and protection were analysed based on the example of local spatial development plans in Poznan. The subject of the analysis were the provisions concerning landscape protection, in particular limitations on development and the protection of green and environmentally valuable areas. The structure of the existing and adopted plans was also analysed in terms of their protective role. Other analysed factors were the manners of landscape protection in the study of land use conditions and directions of the city. The observations demonstrate the indispensable role played by local spatial development plans in the protection of urban landscape, especially the protection of valuable landscape areas, against uncontrolled development. On the other hand, legal conditions influence the practice of creating planning documents both in terms of the provisions used and the priorities of municipal spatial policy. {/mooblock} PREZENTATIONS Transformations of the landscape of Wilanow in the light of threats and chances of the rural identity to survive Przemiany krajobrazu Wilanowa w kontekście zagrożeń i szans na przetrwanie ruralistycznej tożsamości Maciej Żołnierczuk DOI: 10.30825/5.ak.174.2019.64.3 {mooblock=SUMMARY} In 1951, the previously rural municipality of Wilanow became one of the districts of Warsaw. However, the biggest changes occurred after the year 2000, when the construction of the so-called Miasteczko Wilanow was started. The author has set a research question: Does the rural layout of Wilanow still exist, in spite of continuing town planning pressure? Research was conducted with use of GIS technology, involving the calibration of archival maps from the second half of the 19th century, in order to determine the location of the components of the rural layout. These data were then compared with currently existing elements of landscape. In his studies, the author also analysed the influence of the urban development on the preservation of the rural layout and the changes caused by citygenic factors. The pace of transformations in the landscape of Wilanow is dramatic, which poses a distinct threat to the rural layout. Nevertheless, the palace and park arrangement with its surrounding, which should be considered as priority landscape, still contains some elements characteristic for the former layout. Currently the main problem is the protracted duration of issuing administrative decisions concerning the creation of planning documents and protection forms, as well as unclear provisions of the binding documents that make it virtually impossible to comply with them. {/mooblock} FORUM Green Roofs as an Element of the Functional and Spatial Structure of a Metropolis Zielone dachy jako element struktury funkcjonalno-przestrzennej metropolii Kinga Zinowiec-Cieplik DOI: 10.30825/5.ak.175.2019.64.3 {mooblock=SUMMARY} Due to the condensation and functional intensification, strongly built-up metropolitan areas are a place of strong investment pressure that results in displacing elements of the natural environment. The consequences of this phenomenon include disturbances in the functional and spatial structure of the city that are observable in various aspects, such as natural and social conditioning, breaking links within the natural system, which in turn leads to the impairment of its functioning, reduction in the level of resistance to dynamic changes, reduction in biodiversity. Therefore, nowadays paying closer attention to the possibility of implementing natural elements within the city structure seems to be one of the main foundations for creating a permanent and sustainable urban environment. The 1990s, as well as the first 15 years of the 21st century witnessed an intensive development in terms of searching for a modern complement to the so-called broken links within the natural system. The solutions introduced in order to improve the situation comprised complementing the elements of the city green infrastructure network by means of introducing, in particular, green roofs. Research conducted on such installations confirms the essential need for their introduction, as well as provides strong arguments that support the benefits obtained from the existence of such roofs. {/mooblock} |
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