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3/2018 Organized Greenery / Zieleń zorganizowana

3 2018   No 3/2018, vol. 60

Organized Greenery
Zieleń zorganizowana


SUMMARIES page 78
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3 2018 zieleń zorganizowana



PROBLEMS
Park as a Forest-Like Vegetation Zone
Park jako formacja roślinna o charakterze leśnym
Justyna Franczak
Maciej Filipiak
Jan Bancki

DOI:10.30825/5.ak.156.2018.60.3

SUMMARY


The functioning and form of arrangements created by woody plants are important elements related to landscape shaping. The base facility used for the studies presented in this paper was a part of the Szczytnicki Park in Wrocław, of a surface area of 5.4 ha. The analysed section is approx. 160 years old and, as most of the whole park, is of a landscape nature. All trees and bushes inside the analysed area were precisely measured and classified and the obtained data constituted the basis for determining several parameters, which, in turn, allowed us to compare the studies park tree stand with more natural populations of a forest nature. The main compared sites were the tree stands in Lower Silesian forest natural reserves that grow in similar habitats. As a result of the conducted analyses it was determined, among others, that the analysed fragment of the park is a multi-species, multilayered deciduous forest population of various ages, with a structure that is typical for the phase of renewal and regeneration. The population is dominated by native species typical for oak-hornbeam forests, but alien species, in particular invasive ones and post-pioneers also play a significant role. The vegetation also includes trees that are valuable due to their age or origin. In comparison with model oak stands and reserve tree stands growing in similar conditions, the resources of the analysed facility are usually lower. This suggests that its biochemical impact on the surrounding environment may be weaker than that of the compared tree stands. In functional terms, the studied park also resembles forest populations being stands managed by means of socalled continuous cutting. Continuing maintenance procedures based on such cutting model may optimise the natural functions of the park. In the opinion of the authors, the analyses presented herein and similar ones should be used more widely as an element of resource evaluation and as the basis for maintenance treatment in city parks.




PRESENTATIONS

The Value of Spa Parks in the Modern HealthResorts: A Case Study of the Western and Central Sudetes Spa Towns
Wartość parków zdrojowych we współczesnym mieście 
na przykładzie uzdrowisk Sudetów Zachodnich i Środkowych
Daria Słonina
Maria Skomorowska 
DOI:10.30825/5.ak.157.2018.60.3

SUMMARY

Spas are a place where patients strengthen their health. Their location and special natural values are the reason why these places have been popular ever since the beginning of their history. Particularly important, in the quick convalescence process, close contact between man and nature is ensured by nearby gardens and parks. The natural environment affects various health aspects, reducing stress, reducing pressure or supporting social relations. The work is an overview of spa parks in the Western and Central Sudetes Resorts, in terms of history and the degree of their transformation. The aim of the work was to determine possible actions for the revitalization of selected examples, in such a way that they could not only be a valuable cultural heritage but also contribute to improving the health of the patients. In the twentyfirst century, the closeness of nature seems to be an essential element of everyday life. In the given context, particular attention should be paid to parks and municipal gardens in spas, whose role is currently becoming more important and the demand for them is increasing. The importance of these complexes has changed many times over the years, which is why determining their contemporary form is extremely important. These places provide the opportunity to observe and perceive wildlife, improving the quality of life, being an important place both in the treatment process and in everyday life.


The 1974 Urban Planning Norms in the Shaping of Green Areas on the Example of Białystok
Normatyw Urbanistyczny z 1974 r. w kształtowaniu 
zieleni osiedlowej na przykładzie Białegostoku
Marta Baum 
DOI:10.30825/5.ak.158.2018.60.3

SUMMARY


Multi-family housing estates in Poland in the 1970s and 1980s were designed based on the Urban Planning Standard for residential areas from 1974. Although it did not have good opinions, in terms of indicators related to open areas it was assessed highly. It gave a very good basis for securing appropriate sites for green areas within a housing estate [Dąbrowska-Milewska 2010]. The article presents the analysis of selected housing estates of Białystok from the 1970s and 1980s in terms of the application of the aforementioned standard for the development of estate greenery areas. The conducted research allowed to find that the areas reserved and developed for the purpose of greenery in the housing districts in accordance with the guidelines of the urban planning norm for residential areas from 1974 and are currently a significant potential that can still be used for recreational and leisure functions in districts.


FORUM
TO SEE, TO UNDERSTAND, TO DESIGN. The Landscape Revitalization Studio UAP
ZAUWAŻYĆ, ZROZUMIEĆ, ZAPROJEKTOWAĆ. Pracownia Rewitalizacji Krajobrazu UAP

Sławoj Dreszer
Marta Urbańska 
DOI:10.30825/5.ak.159.2018.60.3

SUMMARY


The fact that the world keeps moving faster and faster has been discussed for decades. The fact that, in most cases, urban structures can no longer keep up with the dynamically developing society has been discussed only recently. The everyday activities, the nature of work and ways of spending our free time, have changed. With these transformations, not only service-related or functional needs of people are evolving, but also their spatial needs. It is estimated that by 2050, around 6 billion people will live in urban centers, and 60% of urban areas that will cover our planet at that time have not yet emerged. Cities are swelling (often in an uncontrolled way), and experience has already shown that the “sprawl” of urban structures into infinity brings bad results. In the 21st century, the tasks of architects, landscape architects, urban planners, and planners have changed. Today, it’s not just about creating new facilities. The real challenge is the existing urban tissue and the attempt to adapt it to the current needs and standards. The Landscape Revitalization Studio at the Poznań University of Arts was established in response to these phenomena and changes. The Studio functions based on the original didactic program developed by Sławoj Dreszer, PhD., hab. The particular design problems are undertaken to make students (future architects and landscape designers) aware of the direction in which today’s world and society are heading, and of the tasks that they are likely to meet in their future work.

Warsaw Garden Theatres – Places of Memory or Oblivion?
Warszawskie teatry ogródkowe – miejsca pamięci czy niepamięci?

Agnieszka Starzyk
DOI:10.30825/5.ak.201.2018.60.3

SUMMARY


The aim of the study is to investigate the impact the non-existent garden theatres exerted on the contemporary spaces of Warsaw and to answer the following question: Do the Warsaw garden theatres, which used to function in Warsaw from 1868 to 1907, exist in the city architectural and urban-planning memory, or only in historical materials? The research methods necessary to define and solve the scientific problem that were applied included: analysis and criticism of source literature, observation without intervention, case study, intuitive method based on the author’s personal experience; the basis for the conclusions was provided by in situ studies. The result obtained is: a) time and location systematization of garden theatres located in left-bank Warsaw, b) demonstrating that garden theatres failed to leave an architectural, urban-planning or symbolic trace. Hence the conclusion that these theatres do not exist in the city architectural and urban memory.

 





 
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