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No 1/2018, vol. 58 Methods in Landscape Architecture Metody w Architekturze Krajobrazu SUMMARIES page 86 DOWNLOAD ALL (13,52MB)  |
PROBLEMS Old District, New Housing. Consequences of Changes in the Spatial Organization of the Urban Backyard Reflected in the District of Grochów Stara dzielnica, nowa zabudowa. Konsekwencje zmiany układu przestrzennego miejskiego podwórza na przykładzie dzielnicy Grochów Izabela Zalewska-Kantek Beata J. Gawryszewska DOI:10.30825/5.ak.146.2018.58.1 SUMMARYThis article was inspired by the changes in the functional and spatial planning of urban housing estates built after 2000. Modern design does not consider backyards as common areas, accessible for all inhabitants or, above all, as a playground for carefree and safe activities for children, which would provide them with opportunities to make first social contacts, interact with nature as well as enjoy physical activity and sensory experiences. The research area is located in the district of Grochów, a part of Warsaw situated within the pre-war city limits, which, previously rather lethargic, has been going through rapid and significant changes of the nature and appearance of its buildings. PREZENTATIONS Examining the Visual Impact of a Tall Building at the Unii Lubelskiej Square on the Historical Landscape of Warsaw Badanie wpływu wizualnego wieżowca przy placu Unii na historyczny krajobraz Warszawy Klara Czyńska DOI:10.30825/5.ak.147.2018.58.1 SUMMARYTall buildings can cause a number of accidental interactions with historical buildings in important and strategic vistas. The effect is difficult to predict by intuition. The goal of the study discussed in the article is to present the possibility to use the Visual Impact Size (VIS) method for analysing the visual impact of a tall building on cityscape. The study focused on an existing tall building at the Unii Lubelskiej Square in Warsaw. The facility interferes visually with the internal space of the Royal Baths. It can be seen above the roof of Belvedere disturbing its integrity as an important historical monument and a symbol of the city. The aim of the research presented here is to assess to what extent this effect could have been predicted before the construction of the building. The VIS method and the Digital Surface Model (DSM) are used. The use of the already existing tall building allows to compare the results of VIS simulation with the actual visibility of the building (which can be observed in space) and to evaluate the effectiveness and correctness of the results obtained. With use of VIS maps, all visibility areas of the building will be identified, also in the landscape interiors (e.g. in the Royal Baths) as the tall greenery in the DSM model is reflected with high precision (50 cm mesh). Another goal of the study was to assess the impact power of the building in the landscape depending on its height. The research results are important for the implementation of the VIS method to forecast the visual impact of new tall investments on the city landscape, including park interiors. The Ornamental Farm as a Large-Area Landscape Concept – New Findings in Research on the Cultural Landscape of Wilanów Wielkoobszarowa koncepcja krajobrazowa ferme ornée – nowe ustalenia do badań krajobrazu kulturowego Wilanowa Dorota Sikora DOI:10.30825/5.ak.148.2018.58.1 SUMMARYThe landscape of Wilanów is usually perceived from the point of view of its baroque residence as its dominant architectural feature. But the generations of owners from the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries also exerted major influence upon its formation, by introducing the ornamental farm (ferme ornée) inspired by its English models. Their interventions mainly concerned the construction of formal and functional relations between the Wilanów residence and the grange, the village and its affiliate premises. They were perceived by their contemporaries as pioneering works on Polish territory. Unfortunately, the landscape relationships developed as their result are largely illegible today. However, due to great artistic value and significance for the development of Wilanów’s cultural landscape identity, their remaining relics should be duly taken into account in local planning. The research undertaken by the author concerned the central part of the Wilanów Estate, with the royal residence located in the middle, covering the area from the Vistula River in the east to the Warsaw Escarpment and the residences located on it in the west, Natolin and Powsinkowskie Lake in the south and Sielanka Lake and Morysin with its fields in the north. The research consisted of: - recognition of the state of research in the field of the ferme-ornée phenomenon and the landscape of Wilanów in the literature on the subject, - establishing, on the basis of the literature, the definition of a ferme-ornée and a set of features specific to this form of spatial development, - archival research, - recognizing the historical principles of shaping the Wilanów landscape in terms of the presence of elements representative of ferme-ornée, - field work aimed at determining the current state of preservation of elements of the Wilanów fermeornée. The research is summarized by conclusions, emphasizing the need to protect the existing relics. MATERIALS Trees in the City Center: a Case Study of Bulwar Słoneczny in Wrocław Drzewa w centrum miasta – studium przypadku Bulwaru Słonecznego we Wrocławiu Joanna Dobrzańska Robert Kalbarczyk Monika Ziemiańska DOI:10.30825/5.ak.149.2018.58.1 SUMMARYThe subject of the article are good design practices and technologies making the growth and development of trees in the highly urbanized area possible, presented on the example of the development plan for Bulwar Słoneczny (Sunny Boulevard) in Wrocław. The subject is very current due to the progressing phenomenon of urbanization and the growing expectations of residents associated with the development of green urban infrastructure. Bulwar Słoneczny in Wrocław can be regarded as a model case study illustrating the difficulties occurring when introducing high greenery plantations into a highly urbanized area. Both in this location and in many other urban areas, it is necessary to use modern technologies to improve the habitat conditions of trees. The worst problem is the poor condition of the soil and the fact that the area is significantly burdened with underground infrastructure, which considerably limits the area for high vegetation. The biologically active area is 0.83 ha (approx. 53%) of Bulwar Słoneczny. Unfortunately, the exclusion belts running through it narrow the area where one can plant high greenery by as much as 0.37 ha (approx. 44% of the biologically active area). The solution to the problem is application of media zoning. If this is not possible, specialist solutions should be used to prevent the penetration of roots into other spaces (root screens) and remove heat from heating networks away from the root zone of the tree. The soil structure is improved by aeration and the use of structural soil. Hydrogels will improve water conditions for plants, and mycorrhization – conditions for plant growth in a saline environment. An extremely important role in the design of the boulevard is played by structural solutions – overhanging walkways. The existing trees should be strictly protected during the entire course of the investment process. Protective measures for trees should be considered already at the inventory stage. Through careful planning of the new system, appropriate selection of species and application of technologies for trees one may effectively fight against shrinking of wooded areas in city centers. FORUM Greenery in Patronage Settlements – Historical and Contemporary Design Problems Based on the Example of Nikiszowiec Zieleń osiedli patronackich – historyczne i współczesne problemy projektowe na przykładzie Nikiszowca Adriana Baryżewska DOI:10.30825/5.ak.150.2018.58.1 SUMMARYThe paper is an Engineer degree dissertation written at the Faculty of Architecture of the Krakow University of Technology as a diploma paper for 1st degree studies in the field of landscape architecture. It received the main award in the competition organised by the Association of Polish Landscape Architects for the best engineer’s dissertation written in the academic year 2015/2016. The topic of the paper is the development design of an estate garden in the former workers’ housing estate in the Nikiszowiec district in Katowice. The detailed study includes the interior of the courtyard of one of the residential blocks in Nikiszowiec. Nikiszowiec was founded as a workers’ estate, constructed in the beginning of the 20th century and designed by Georg and Emil Zillmann from Berlin-Charlottenburg. Its spatial arrangement has remained unchanged for nearly a century. The created space has been developed intensively. The estate consists of nine residential blocks. Each of these development blocks is enclosed by the surrounding structures, with a large courtyard inside. The design of block interior offers an opportunity to create enclaves of greenery, as well as leisure, recreation and integration spaces for residents, which will both beautify and soften the harsh landscape of brick family homes (so-called familok). The conducted historical and sociological research resulted in the development concept for one of the gardens in the courtyard. Its aim is to create a space that will be functional, friendly for local inhabitants, with a clear layout that will be based on historical traditions and genius loci. ZABŁOCIE_4D Landscape Transformation of the Streets ZABŁOCIE_4D Krajobrazowa transformacja ulic Joanna Wojtuń DOI:10.30825/5.ak.151.2018.58.1 SUMMARYZabłocie is one of the fastestgrowing parts of the Podgórze district in Cracow. Due to the strong urbanization and changes in the functioning of industrial facilities that have occurred in recent years, the transportation network of Zabłocie requires transformation and adjustment. The main objective of the landscape transformation is the introduction of green and quiet streets with numerous avenues, squares, café terraces, narrowing the lanes on twoway streets, the designation of bike routes, the introduction of passages, squares, ramps and parking spaces for the disabled and many others. These activities are carried out between the city quarters which, together with a network of communication create “Zabłocie_4D ‘’ that is, the four dimensions of the conventional area of the Zabłocie district (cultural, creative, residential and office buildings), available for tourists, with elevated spatial standards and an interesting public space – the square at the railway crossing. |
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