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No 1/2014, vol. 42 Harmony in the landscape Rekreacja w zieleni SUMMARIES page 114 DOWNLOAD ALL (7,54 MB) |
PROBLEMS Privacy in Public Places Prywatność w przestrzeni publicznej Aleksandra Lis Karolina Anwajler SUMMARYPublic places in cities are spatial areas in which social interaction occurs. In these places, can or should there be privacy? A scientific approach has been applied to identify and evaluate different kinds of privacy in public places. After a review of the literature and conducted field work, spatial factors have been defined that describe and predict the existence of privacy in public places in various situations. The authors present selected features of public places that are conducive to a sense of privacy and describe the positive and negative aspects that can have an impact. Park Seminars – Efforts to Preserve Europe’s Cultural Heritage Seminaria parkowe – działania na rzecz ratowania Europejskiego Dziedzictwa Kulturowego Marek Liszewski Franciszek Gospodarczyk SUMMARYThe concept of park seminars originated in the former German Democratic Republic. At the park seminar in 1976 in Wiesenburg, in addition to presentations and park walks, special lectures were held for the first time along with park maintenance activities that the public could take part in. After the reunification of Germany, the idea of organizing park seminars like those in Saxony spread to other regions of the country. When Poland joined the European Union, seminars were run there as well, like the seminar in Muskau Park or in parks in Morawa, Brody, Kliczków, or Iłowa Żagańska. Park seminars have become a custom in some places, such as Brody, Kromlau or Morawa. Located in Brody in the Lubuskie Province, the estate which was once owned by Heinrich, Count von Brühl (1700–1763), recently hosted the 4th International Park Seminar at the end of October. The purpose of this paper is to promote the idea of park seminars in Poland, with emphasis on Lower Silesia. PRESENTATIONS Michael VanValkenburgh and His Recreational Parks for the 21st Century Michael Van Valkenburgh i jego parki rekreacyjne XXI wieku Małgorzata Zofia Wilczkiewicz Maja Wilczkiewicz-Janas SUMMARYThe architecture of the 21st century has become immersed in the principles of sustainable development. The urban parks that are built nowadays are architectural compositions that follow new rules. Specially selected plants require neither fertilization nor care – rainwater is collected in tanks and used during dry periods. Park lighting is supplied by solar batteries. The architectural works of Michael Van Valkenburgh represent his approach to sustainable development. The parks he has built in the 21st century are architectural structures that were entirely created at the designer’s desk – or rather at his computer. Modern technology combined with well-chosen plant material is part of the vision of a designer who places new value on the landscape. American Michael Van Valkenburgh is the designer of three parks which have been built in the last ten years in the New York metropolitan area. This article is a short review of both the early professional career of Michael Van Valkenburgh and his latest achievements. Included are examples of parks built in urban locations in a small space which are both recreational and artistically interesting. One of his projects that is currently under construction is the Brooklyn Bridge Park. The Spatial Composition of the Historic Estate in Smolice and Scenic Views in the Modern Landscape Aspekty kompozycji parku w Smolicach i jego powiązań widokowych ze współczesnym krajobrazem Miłosz T. Walerzak Michał Krzyżaniak Piotr Urbański Dariusz Świerk SUMMARYThe palace and grounds of Smolice is one of the most beautiful estates in the cultural landscape of southern Wielkopolska. Historically, the palace is relatively new – it was built at the turn of the nineteenth century on the site of an old, wooden mansion and kept the spatial arrangement which had previously been there. The aim of this study is to show the scenic views between the composition of the park in Smolice and the contemporary rural landscape and to compare the historic and contemporary sites in the landscape. The study follows the history of the palace estate in Smolice. A detailed inventory of the estate was taken including a dendrological inventory, which was used to conduct dendrochronological analysis of the species and age of the tree stand. Then, an analysis was made of the spatial composition and historic scenic views between the estate, the landscape and major historical buildings. The research results provide information on the original historic landscape and evidence of the scenic views from the historic landscape that can be seen today. A design and virtual model was made of the reconstruction of the palace estate in Smolice. New Uses of Urban Parks – Recommended New Designs of Selected Parks. Sport and Recreational Usage of a Municipal Park in Malbork SUMMARYThe article presents proposals for expanding the function of urban parks to provide users with possibilities of taking various forms of activity and spending their free time in an attractive way. Primarily, the Municipal Park in Malbork was enriched with areas for the rest, sports and representative functions. The Quaintly developed space, playground equipment and installations serving improvement of physical fitness surrounded by the composed greenery, attract residents as well as tourists. The park can be a complement to the historical object in the town, as the proposed composition and communication systems pertain to the plan of the Teutonic Castle in Malbork. Restoration of the TimopheyNikolaevich Granovsky Estate – Pogorelets in the Orel Region of the Russian Federation Rekonstrukcja posiadłości Timofieja Nikołajewicza Granowskiego – Pogorelets, rejon Orel, Federacja Rosyjska Elena Zolotareva Natalia Nikishonkova MATERIALS Segetal Weeds in Contemporary Open Landscapes in the Municipality of Markowa Chwasty segetalne we współczesnym krajobrazie otwartym gminy Markowa Marta Gargała Czesława Trąba SUMMARYThis study aims to describe segetal communities in terms of the composition of species and landscape value. The municipality of Markowa has a high level of agricultural production and the fields are intensively chemically treated for weeds. The open landscape is uninteresting and devoid of colorful accents. There are only a small number of weed species that brighten the appearance of the fields with pleasingly colorful flowers and inflorescences, like for example, Papaver rhoeas Centaurea cyanus. The existing communities are poor versions of the classic associations: Vicietum tetraspermae in cereal crops and Echilnochloo-Setarietum in corn and root crops. Agricultural fields in the municipality of Markowa are primarily dominated by the presence of grasses of low aesthetic value, Apera spica-venti in winter cereal crops, Avena fatua in summer cereal crops and Echinochloa crus-galli and Chenopodium album in root and corn crops. Communities of species from the class of Stellarietea constituted no more than 50% of the analyzed flora. STANDARDS Changes in the Style of Country Gardens in the Lublin Region Zmiany wiejskiego stylu ogrodów na Lubelszczyźnie Halina Lipińska Agnieszka Kępkowicz Wiesław Wańkowicz SUMMARYThis study was conducted to determine the differences between a group of 77 contemporary home gardens and traditional country gardens in selected rural areas of the Lublin region. Contemporary gardens mostly differed from traditional country gardens in the spatial arrangements, diversity of species, and to a lesser extent, the use of ornamental plant species. There was, however, a difference in the main purpose of the gardens, having changed from being simply ornamental to recreational. Front gardens also changed from public spaces to closed spaces. An average of 25% of the gardens studied – with Hrubieszów county having the largest proportion of 50% – fully resembled traditional country gardens, while the rest differed considerably. There was, however, at least one or more features of a traditional country style in each garden. FORUM Selected Planning Aspects of the Placement of Wind Farms in the Province of Warmia and Mazury Wybrane aspekty planistyczne lokalizacji elektrowni wiatrowych w województwie warmińsko-mazurskim Wiesława Gadomska Mariusz Antolak SUMMARYThere are many existing and planned wind farms in the Province of Warmia and Mazury, despite numerous administrative and societal obstacles to prevent this. The main aim of the study was to identify the factors involved in the planning and development of wind turbines based on the examples in Warmia and Mazury. The research consisted of analyzing collected source materials on the placement of wind farms as well as the social and legal aspects of wind power generation. According to data obtained from government offices in the Warmia and Mazury province, there are 242 wind power turbines that in total generate 460 MW. Wind farms erected in Warmia and Mazury stir up strong reactions from local residents and organizations aimed at preserving the natural and cultural heritage of this region. |
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